James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton initiated the Java language project in June 1991. Java was steadily on the top from mid-2015 to early 2020. The TIOBE programming language popularity index graph from 2002 to 2022. Oracle offers its own HotSpot Java Virtual Machine, however the official reference implementation is the OpenJDK JVM which is free open-source software and used by most developers and is the default JVM for almost all Linux distributions.Īs of March 2023, Java 20 is the latest version, while Java 17, 11 and 8 are the current long-term support (LTS) versions. As of May 2007, in compliance with the specifications of the Java Community Process, Sun had relicensed most of its Java technologies under the GPL-2.0-only license. The original and reference implementation Java compilers, virtual machines, and class libraries were originally released by Sun under proprietary licenses. It was released in May 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems. As of 2019, Java was one of the most popular programming languages in use according to GitHub, particularly for client–server web applications, with a reported 9 million developers. The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as reflection and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages. The syntax of Java is similar to C and C++, but has fewer low-level facilities than either of them. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture. It is a general-purpose programming language intended to let programmers write once, run anywhere ( WORA), meaning that compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile.

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